Novel Application of 3-Dimensional Real-Time Cardiac Imaging to Guide Stem Cell-Based Therapy

Stem cell-based therapy is an emerging treatment for refractory ischemic cardiomyopathy. The transendocardial approach represents the most attractive method that allows direct percutaneous injections of the cell product into the ischemic territories. This clinical case shows a novel strategy designed to optimize cell endocardial delivery, based on the implementation of the 3-dimensional electroanatomical map with the intracardiac-echocardiographic reconstruction of the left ventricle, using acquired multiple slice recordings.